These things are like peel-em and eat-em shrimp. I like the eat-em part, but I am not too keen on the peel-em part. I am craving chocolate, and this is all I can find. It seems I have already eaten all the other chocolate I have had stashed here and there in the house, so I am reduced to eating chocolate kisses. Of this I expect I will survive, and I will re-stock the pantry tomorrow or the next day. Other than taking voluminous amounts of naps today, the only other things I really accomplished werefeeding the cat and driving in to Georgetown for lunch. I did go give the girls fresh water and gather eggs (6 now), and that pretty much tells you what I did on this first day of the three-day weekend.
Chorography -- Noun. 1. the art of describing or mapping a region or district.2. a description or map of a region. The video game's realism is enhanced by the detailed chorography of the landscape.
Did You Know? The word chorography was borrowed from the Latin chorographia, which in turn comes from the Greek chorographia, a combination of choros ("place") and grahia ("writing"). It was distinguished from geography in that the former was concerned with smaller regions and specific locations and the latter with larger regions or with the world in general. The art of mapping that once was the field of chorography has since passed into the spheres of geography and topography. As with the art it names, the word chorography is now primarily encountered in historical discussions of geography and cartography.
Saturday, August 31, 2019
Friday, August 30, 2019
2019 - Day 242/123 - Friday...Scurrilous...

Scurrilous -- Adjective. 1a. using or given to coarse language. b. vulgar and evil. 2. containing obscenities, abuse, or slander. The op-ed article generated a number of scurrilous comments on the newspaper's website that had to be deleted by a moderator.
Did You Know? Scurrilous (and its much rarer relation scurrile, which has the same meaning) comes from the Middle French scurrile. The Middle French word, in turn, comes from the Latin scurrilis, from scurra, which means "buffoon" or "jester." Fittingly, 18th-century lexicographer Samuel Johnson defined scurrilous as "using such language as only the license [sic] of a buffoon could warrant." Qualities traditionally associated with buffoonery-vulgarity, irreverence, and indecorousness-are qualities often invoked by the word scurrilous. Unlike the words of a jester, however, "scurrilous" language of the present day more often intends to seriously harm or slander than to produce a few laughs.
Thursday, August 29, 2019
2019 - Day 241/124 - Thursday...Assiduous...

Assiduous -- Adjective. marked by careful unremitting attention or persistent application. Larry was fortunate to have an assiduous tutor who believed in him and strove to help him overcome his learning disability.
Did You Know? Judges presiding over assizes (former periodic sessions of the superior courts in English counties) had to be assiduous in assessing how to best address their cases. Not only were their efforts invaluable, but the also served as a fine demonstration of the etymologies of assiduous, assess, and assize. All three words derive from the Latin verb assidere, which is variously translated as "to sit beside," "to take care of," or "to assist in the office of a judge."Assidere, in turn, is a composite of the prefix ad- (in this case, meaning "near" or "adjacent to") and sedere, meaning "to sit." I like words and definitions with a lot of "ass!"
Wednesday, August 28, 2019
2019 - Day 240/125 - Wednesday...Douceur...

Douceur -- Noun. a conciliatory gift. The restaurant offered a douceur to the company to entice them to rent the banquet room for their annual party.
Did You Know? In French, douceur means "pleasantness," and it is often used in phrases such as douceur de vivre ("the pleasure of life"). The word derives from the Latin adjective dulcis, meaning "sweet." A douceur is a gift or payment-sometimes, but not necessarily, considered a bribe-provided by someone to enhance or "sweeten" a deal. In the United Kingdom, douceur specifically refers to a tax benefit given to someone who sells a historical artifact to a public collection. Other sweet treats that dulcis has given to our language include dulcet (having a "sweet: sound that is pleasing to the ear) and dulcimer (a kind of stringed instrument that provides "sweet" music).
Tuesday, August 27, 2019
2019 - Day 239/126 - Tuesday...Bardolater...

Bardolater -- Noun. a person who idolizes Shakespeare. As a bardolater, Jonathan had entire scenes from Hamlet, King Lear, and Twelfth Night committed to memory.
Did You Know? George Bernard Shaw once described a Shakespeare play as "stagy trash." Another time, Shaw said he's like to dig Shakespeare from the grave and throw stones at him. Shaw could be equally scathing toward Shakespeare's adoring fans. He called them "foolish Bardolaters," wrote of "Bardolatrous" ignoramuses, and called blind Shakespeare worship "Bardolatry." Oddly enough, Shaw didn't despise Shakespeare or his work (on the contrary, he was, by his own admission, an admirer), but he disdained those who placed the man beyond reproach. The word bardolater, which Shaw coined by blending Shakespeare's epithet-"the Bard"-with an affix that calls to mind idolater, has stuck with us to this day, though it has lost some of its original critical sting.
Monday, August 26, 2019
2019 - Day 238/127 - Monday...Kludge...

Let me ask you all a question...I have been referring to the 'pictures' that I am including with my journal entries as 'pictures' as opposed to 'photographs.' Are the documents I capture on my cell phone actually 'photographs?' Because I think a photograph is not something you can do with a cell phone. Feel free to chime in with your opinions.
Kludge -- Noun. a system (such as a computer system) made up of poorly matched components. "The program itself was an executive action of the Obama administration and something of a kludge in the absence of action from Congress." Whet Moser, Chicago Magazine, September 6, 2017
Did You Know? The first recorded use of the word kludge is attributed to Jackson W. Granholm, who defined the word in a 1962 issue of the magazine Datamation as "an ill-assorted collection of poorly-matching parts, forming a distressing whole." He further explained that it was derived from the German word klug, meaning "smart" or "witty." Why Granholm included a "d" in his spelling is not known. What we do know is that speakers of American English have agreed to keep it silent, making the vowel pronunciation of kludge reflect the pronunciation of German klug (\'kluk\). Whew! We can also tell you that not everyone agrees with Granholm on the "d" matter: the spelling of kluge is also popularly used.
Sunday, August 25, 2019
2019 - Day 237/128 - Sunday...Phlegmatic...

Phlegmatic -- Adjective. 1. resembling, consisting of, or producing the humor phlegm. 2. having or showing a slow and stolid temperament. "Their sister, Mellie (Riley Keough), a hairdresser with a lighter spirit than her two phlegmatic brothers, takes the curse theory in stride." Dana Stevens, Slate, August 17, 2017
Did You Know? According to the ancient Greeks, human personalities were controlled by four bodily fluids or semifluids called humors: blood, black bile, yellow bile, and phlegm. Each humor was associated with one of the four basic elements: air, earth, fire, and water. Phlegm was paired with water-the cold, moist element-and it was believed to impart the cool, calm, unemotional personality we now call the "phlegmatic type." That's a bit odd, given that the term derives from the Greek phlegma, which literally means "flame," perhaps a reflection of the inflammation that colds and the flu often bring.
Saturday, August 24, 2019
2019 - Day 236/129 - Saturday...Holus-Bolus...
Thunder, but no rain. Okay, there were a few drops, not really more than I could count, but they were actual drops. We went in to Georgetown for lunch, and there might have been more drops on the windshield than I could count, but not likely even 1/10" if that much. There were some showers around us, and we might still get lucky later this evening, but after than, nothing on the horizon.We can always hope for a non-damaging rain event from a tropical depression in the Gulf, but those are iffy at the best. Today was full of naps, and laziness. We are pretty regularly getting four eggs a day now; two brown, one white, one green. So, pretty soon we will most likely not be buying eggs at the store anymore, but honestly, eggs at the store are really cheap compared to eggs from the chicken coop!
Holus-Bolus -- Adverb. all at once. "Grasses area a conundrum. ...Lazy landscapers shove them in holus-bolus because they will survive just about anything." Marjorie Harris, The Globe and Mail (Toronto), May 30, 2017
Did You Know? Holus-bolus originated in English dialect in the mid-19th century and is believed to be a waggish reduplication of the word bolus. Bolus is from the Greek word bolos, meaning "lump," and has retained that Greek meaning. In English, bolus has additionally come to mean "a large pill," "a mass of chewed food," or "a dose of a drug given intravenously." Considering this "lumpish" history, it's not hard to see how holus-bolus, a word meaning "all at once" or "all in a lump," cane about. Personally, I have never heard the expression!
Holus-Bolus -- Adverb. all at once. "Grasses area a conundrum. ...Lazy landscapers shove them in holus-bolus because they will survive just about anything." Marjorie Harris, The Globe and Mail (Toronto), May 30, 2017
Did You Know? Holus-bolus originated in English dialect in the mid-19th century and is believed to be a waggish reduplication of the word bolus. Bolus is from the Greek word bolos, meaning "lump," and has retained that Greek meaning. In English, bolus has additionally come to mean "a large pill," "a mass of chewed food," or "a dose of a drug given intravenously." Considering this "lumpish" history, it's not hard to see how holus-bolus, a word meaning "all at once" or "all in a lump," cane about. Personally, I have never heard the expression!
Friday, August 23, 2019
2019 - Day 235/130 - Friday...Global Village...

Global Village -- Noun. the world viewed as a community in which distance and isolation have been dramatically reduced by electronic media (such as television and the Internet). Thanks to crowdfunding and the generous response of the global village, the couple received enough donations to pay their sick daughter's medical bills.
Did You Know? The term global village is closely associated with Herbert Marshall McLuhan, the Canadian communications theorist and literature professor hailed by many as a prophet for the 20th century. McLuhan's mantra, "the medium is the message," summarized his view of the influence of television, computers, and other electronic information sources in shaping society and modern life. By 1960, he had delineated his concept of the global village, and by 1970, the public had embraced the term and recognized the idea as both exhilarating and frightening. As a 1970 Saturday Review article noted, "There are no boundaries in a global village. All problems will become so intimate as to be one's own." I frequently use the term "Marshall McLuhan, what are you doin?" I quote from a segment on Laugh In I watched, back in the day.
Thursday, August 22, 2019
2019 - Day 234/131 - Thursday...Ripsnorter...

Ripsnorter -- Noun. something extraordinary: humdinger. The weekend music festival is expected to be a ripsnorter, with up-and-coming artists of different genres packing the stage for three days.
Did You Know? English speakers of the mid-19th century already had the term snorter at their disposal if they wanted a colorful term for something extraordinary, but that didn't stop speakers in the United States from throwing the very rip onto the front of the word to create ripsnorter. And they didn't stop there: By the time the 20th century had reached its quarter mark, U.S. speakers had added hummer, humdinger (probably an alteration of hummer), pip (from pippin, a kind of crisp, tart apple and a term for a highly admirable person or thing), and doozy (thought to be an alteration of daisy) to the catalog of words for the striking or extraordinary.
Wednesday, August 21, 2019
2019 - Day 233/132 - Wednesday...Cabal...

Cabal -- Noun. 1. the artifices and intrigues of a group of persons secretly united in a plot (as to overturn a government); also: a group engaged in such artifices and intrigues. 2. club, group. "A 'cabal' of wealthy conservatives has begun using New York State's campaign finance laws to sway local elections." Michael Gormley, Newsday (New York), August 24, 2016
Did You Know? In A Child's History of England, Charles Dickens associates the word cabal with a group of five ministers in the government of England's King Charles II. The initial letters of the names or titles of those men (Clifford, Arlington, Buckingham, Ashley and Lauderdale) spell cabal, and Dickens dubbed them the "Cabal Ministry." These five men were widely regarded as invidious, secretive plotters and their activities may have encouraged English speakers to associate cabal with high-level government intrigue. But their names are not the source of the word cabal, which was in use decades before Charles II ascended the throne. The term can be traced back through French to cabbala, the Medieval Latin name for the Kabbalah, a traditional system of esoteric Jewish mysticism.
Tuesday, August 20, 2019
2019 - Day 232/133 - Tuesday...Copacetic...

Copacetic -- Adjective. very satisfactory. "In terms of living standards we're now back to where we started which while not making us entirely copacetic is at least better than not having recovered as yet." Tim Worstall, Forbes, August 8, s
2016
Did You Know? Theories about the origin of copacetic abound, but the facts about the word's history are scant: It appears to have arisen in African American slang in the southern United States, possibly as early as the 1880s. Beyond that, we have only speculation. One theory is that the term is descended from the Hebrew kol be sedher (or kol b'seder or chol b'seder), meaning "everything is in order." Other theories trace copacetic to the Creole coupestique ("able to be coped with"), Italian cappo sotto (literally "head under," figuratively "okay"), or Chinook jargon copacete ("everything's all right"). Another theory attributes the word to Bill "Bojangles" Robinson, who used copacetic frequently and believed himself to be the coiner, but anecdotal recollections of the word's use predate his lifetime.
Monday, August 19, 2019
2019 - Day 231/134 - Monday...Periphrasis...

Periphrasis -- Noun. 1. use of a longer phrasing in place of a possible shorter form of expression. 2. an instance of periphrasis. Mark used periphrasis when he complained of "an acute pang of gastrointestinal discomfort" instead of just saying he had a stomachache.
Did You Know: It is easy enough to point out the origins of periphrasis: The word was borrowed into English in the early 16th century via Latin from the Greek periphrazein, which in turn comes from the prefix peri-, meaning "all around," and the verb phrazein, "to point out." Two common descendants of phrazein in English are phrase and paraphrase, the latter of which combines phrazein with the prefix para-, meaning "closely resembling." Another phrazein descendant is the less familiar word holophrasis, meaning "the expression of a complex of ideas in a single word or in a fixed phrase." The prefix holo- can mean "completely."
Sunday, August 18, 2019
2019 - Day 230/135 - Sunday...Impertinent...

Impertinent -- Adjective. 1. irrelevant. 2a. not restrained within due or proper bounds especially of propriety or good taste. b. insolent, rude. The councilor apologized for the impertinent remarks he had made during the last meeting.
Did You Know? English speakers adopted both impertinent and pertinent from Anglo-French in the 14th century. Both words derive from the present participle of the Latin verb pertinere, meaning "to pertain." Initially, impertinent was used for things that are simply not relevant (as in "impertinent to the issue at hand"). Over time, it came to be used for things that are not only irrelevant but rudely or inappropriately so, and later for people who are just straight-out rude.
Saturday, August 17, 2019
2019 - Day 229/136 - Saturday...Shell Game...


Did You Know? The shell game, a swindling trick in which a small ball or pea is quickly shifted from under on to another of three walnut shells or cups to fool the spectator guessing its location, is a version of one of the oldest and most widespread forms of sleight of hand. Conjurers have performed this trick, which is also called thimblerig, throughout the world for centuries. The version that became popular in the United States in the late 19th century used walnut shells and peas. Shell game thus became the popular term for the trick, and the trick itself became so well known that the term is now used figuratively to describe dishonest actions that are done to deceive people.
Friday, August 16, 2019
2019 - Day 228/137 - Friday...Tranche...

Tranche -- Noun. a division or portion of a pool or whole. "It appears that he received a tranche of hacked material sometime between May 25th...and June 12th." Raffi Khatchaddourian, The New Yorker, August 21, 2017
Did You Know? In French, tranche means "slice." Cutting deeper into the word's etymology, we find the Old French word trancer, meaning "to cut." Tranche emerged in the English language in the late 19th century to describe financial appropriations. Today, it can be used specifically for an issue of bonds that is differentiated from other issues by such factors as maturity or rate of return. Another use of the French word tranche is in the French phrase une tranche de vie, meaning "a cross section of life." That phrase was coined by the dramatist Jean Jullien (1854-1919), who advocated naturalism in the theater.
Thursday, August 15, 2019
2019 - Day 227/138 - Thursday...Blench...

Blench -- Verb. to draw back or turn aside from lack of courage. flinch. "Alternatively, opt for an all-inclusive hotel so that you won't spend your holiday blenching at the cost of meals." Harriet O'Brien, The Independent (UK), November 5, 2011
Did You Know? If a stranger approaches you in a dark alley, do you flinch or turn white? Actually, you could do both, and both would be considered blenching because there are two separate verbs spelled blench in English. The blench that means "flinch" derives from blencan, an Old English word meaning "to deceive." The blench meaning "turn white" is an alteration of blanch, from the French adjective blanc ("white"). Clues to which meaning is intended can often be found in context. The 'flinch" use, for example, is strictly intransitive and often followed by from or at ("blenched from the sight of blood"; "didn't blench at the sound of thunder"). The "whiten" use, meanwhile, can be intransitive ("his skin blenched with terror") or transitive ("the cold blenched her lips").
Wednesday, August 14, 2019
2019 - Day 226/139 - Wednesday...Commensal...

Commensal -- Adjective. 1. of or relating to those who habitually eat together. 2. of or relating to a relationship in which one organism obtains food or benefits from another without harm. Probiotics are a kind of commensal bacteria that live in the digestive tract of humans and aid in digestion.
Did You Know? Commensal types, be they human or beast, often "break bread" together. When they do, they are reflecting the etymology of commensal, which derives from the Latin prefix com-, meaning "with, together, jointly," and the Latin adjective mensalis, meaning "of the table." In its earliest English uses, commensal referred to people who ate together, but around 1870, biologists started using it for organisms that have no use for a four-piece table setting. Since then, the scientific sense has almost completely displaced the dining one.
Tuesday, August 13, 2019
2019 - Day 225/140 - Tuesday...Estival...

Estival -- Noun. of or relating to the summer. The children were reveling in their remaining weeks of summer vacation, filling their school free estival afternoons with swimming and playing.
Did You Know? Estival and festival look so much alike that you might think they're closely related, but that isn't the case. Estival traces back to aestas, which is the Latin word for "summer" (and which also gave us estivate, a verb for spending the summer in a torpid state-a sort of hot-weathered equivalent of hibernation). Festival also comes from Latin, but it has a different and unrelated root. It derives from festivus, a term that means "festive" or "merry." Festivus is also the ancestor of festive and festivity as well as the much rarer festivous (which also means "festive") and infestive, meaning "not merry, mirthless."
Monday, August 12, 2019
2019 - Day 224/141 - Monday...Pescatarian...

Pescatarian -- Noun. one whose diet includes fish but no meat. The cafe menu included fish tacos and salt cod po'boys, so Fiona's friends, both pescatarians, would have options when they joined her for lunch.
Did You Know? The word vegetarian sprouted up (get it?) in 1839. Fruitarian ("a person who lives on fruit') ripened (get it?) by 1893. In 1944, vegetarians who consume no animal or dairy products began calling themselves vegans. Then, in 1993, those who eat fish but no other meat chose pesce, the Italian word for "fish,' to create the designation pescatarian. In that same year, meatatarian was served up (get it?) as a word for those whose diet includes mainly meat; that word is rare (get it?), however, and is usually used in informal and humorous ways. Another fairly recent dietary word is flexitatian, a person who follows a mostly vegetarian diet but occasionally eats meat or fish.
Sunday, August 11, 2019
2019 - Day 223/142 - Sunday...Rantipole...

Rantipole -- Adjective. characterized by a wild unruly manner or attitude: rakish. Jerome's rantipole cousin was always getting them both into trouble with his itch for causing mischief and mayhem.
Did You Know? "O, it offends me to the soul to hear a robustious periwig-pated fellow tear a passion to totters, to very rags." Thus, Prince Hamlet let it be known that he didn't like ranting, and he advised the players who were about to present his special drama to the king to "avoid it." Around 1700, someone else who apparently found ranting ridiculous dealt with it in a different way-by combining the word rant (or maybe the British dialect word ranty, which means "excited" or "riotous") with poll, meaning "head." The result was the whimsical rantipole, a term that quickly found use as a noun for a reckless person, and adjective for wild behavior, and a verb for being rude.
Saturday, August 10, 2019
2019 - Day 222/143 - Saturday...Tantivy...

Tantivy -- Adverb. at a gallop. "Thus it came about that Denby and his man, riding tantivy to the rescue, met the raiders two miles down the trail." Francis Lynde, The Helpers, 1899
Did You Know? Tantivy is an adverb as well as a noun that refers to a rapid gallop. Although its precise origin isn't known, one theory has it that tantivy represents the sound of galloping horse's hooves. The noun does double duty as a word meaning "the blare of a trumpet or horn." This is probably due to confusion with tantara, a word for the sound of a trumpet that came about as an imitation of that sound. Both tantivy and tantara have been used in the context of fox hunts; in the heat of the chase, people may have jumbled the two.
Friday, August 9, 2019
2019 - Day 221/144 - Friday...Haruspex...

Haruspex -- Noun. a diviner in ancient Rome basing predictions on inspection of the entrails of sacrificed animals. "The coroner-cum-haruspex will divine the mystery of her death, read the entrails of the bird that flew too far and too fast." Violet LeVoit, Baltimore City Paper, August 17, 2011.=
Did You Know? Haruspex was formed in Latin by the combination of haru- (which is akin to chorde, the Greek word for "gut") and -spex (from the verb specere, meaning "to look"). Appropriately, haruspex can be roughly defined as "one who looks at guts." The ancient Romans had a number of ways of determining whether the gods approved of a particular course of action. Such divination was called augury, and a haruspex was a type of augur, an official diviner of ancient Rome. (Other augurs divined the will of the gods through slightly less gruesome means, such as observing the behavior of birds or tracking celestial phenomena.) Haruspex, like augur, has developed a general sense of "one who prophesies," but this use is somewhat rare.
Thursday, August 8, 2019
2019 - Day 220/145 - Thursday...Foray...

Foray -- Noun. 1. a sudden or irregular invasion or attack for war or spoils: raid. 2. a brief excursion or attempt especially outside one's accustomed sphere. Eloise is normally a figurative painter; her latest series is her first foray into abstraction.
Did You Know? Foray comes from the Middle English forrayen and probably traces back to an Anglo-French word that meant "raider" or "forager." It's related to the word forage, which usually means "to wander in search of food or forage." A foray, in its earliest sense, was a raid for plunder. Relatively recently, foray began to take on a broader meaning. In a sense, a foray is still a trip into a foreign territory. These days, though, looting and plundering needn't be involved. When you take a foray, you dabble in an area or occupation that's new to you.
Wednesday, August 7, 2019
2019 - Day 219/146 - Wednesday...Connive...

Connive -- Verb. 1. to pretend ignorance of or fail to take action against something. 2a. to be indulgent or in secret sympathy. b. to cooperate secretly or engage in secret scheming: conspire. "Moreover, the government was only too happy, for propaganda purposes, to connive at such large-scale fraud." Anthony Daniels, USA Today Magazine, September, 2014
Did You Know? Connive may not seem list a troublesome term, but it was to Wilson Follett, a usage critic who lamented that the word "was undone during the Second World War, when restless spirits felt the need of a new synonym for plotting, bribing, spying, conspiring, engineering a coup, preparing a secret attack." Follett thought connive should only mean "to wink at" or "to pretend ignorance." Those senses are closer to the Latin ancestor of the word (connive comes from the Latin connivere, which means "to close the eyes" and is descended from -nivere, a form akin to the Latin verb nictare, meaning "to wink"). But many English speakers disagreed, and the "conspire" sense is now the word's most widely used meaning.
Tuesday, August 6, 2019
2019 - Day 218/147 - Tuesday...Supercilious...

Supercilious -- Adjective. coolly and patronizingly haughty. The supercilious critic clearly wasn't expecting to be impressed by the new restaurant, but in the end he gave it and its staff a glowing review.
Did You Know? Arrogant and disdainful types tend to raise an eyebrow at anything they consider beneath them. The original supercilious crowd must have shown that raised-eyebrow look often, because the adjective supercilious derives from supercilium, Latin for "eyebrow." (We plucked our adjective and its meaning from the Latin adjective superciliousus.) Supercilious has been used to describe the censoriously overbearing since the late 1600s, but there was a time in the 1700s when it was used as a synonym of another supercilium descendant, superciliary ("of, relating to, or adjoining the eyebrow"). Although the eyebrow sense of supercilious is now obsolete, it does help explain what ornithologist John Latham meant in 1782 when he described a "Supercilious K[ingfisher]" with a narrow orange stripe over its eyes.
Monday, August 5, 2019
2019 - Day 217/148 - Monday...Soi-Disant...

Soi-Disant -- Adjective. self proclaimed, so called. The mechanic was a soi-disant "expert" on European cars, but he still couldn't figure out why my Swedish sedan was leaking oil.
Did You Know? Soi-disant, which in French literally means "saying oneself," is one of hundreds of French terms that entered English in the 18th century, during the period known as the Enlightenment. Even as political antipathies between France and England were being played out on battlefields in Europe and America, English speakers were peppering their speech and writing with French. Soi-disant first began appearing in English texts in the mid-18th century as a disparaging term for someone who styles or fancies himself or herself in some role. Crepe, vis-a-vis, etiquette, and sang-froid are a few of the other French terms that became naturalized in English at that time.
Sunday, August 4, 2019
2019 - Day 216/149 - Sunday...Arduous...

ell, never mind.
Arduous -- Adjective. 1a. hard to accomplish or achieve. b. marked by great labor or effort. 2. steep. The rescue crew embarked on what would be a long and arduous trek up the mountain in search of the missing hikers.
Did You Know? "To forgive is the most arduous pitch human nature can arrive at." When Richard Steele published that line in The Guardian in 1713, he was using arduous in what was apparently a fairly new way for writers in his day: to imply that something was steep or lofty as well as difficult. Steele's use is one of the earliest documented in English for that meaning, but he didn't commit it to paper until almost 200 years after the first uses of the word in its "hard to accomplish" sense. Although the sense is very true to the word's origins; arduous derives from the Latin arduus, which means "high" or "steep."
Saturday, August 3, 2019
2019 - Day 215/150 - Saturday...Sparge...

Sparge -- Verb. 1. sprinkle, bespatter; especially: spray. 2. to agitate (a liquid) by means of compressed air or gas entering through a pipe. "The first batch of red IPA was mashed, sparged, and transferred to the kettle." BeerAdvocate.com, March 16, 2010
Did You Know? Etymologists think that sparge likely came to English by way of the Middle French word espargier, itself from the Latin spargere, meaning "to scatter." (Spargere is also the source of disperse, intersperse, and sparse, among others.) Although sparge has been a synonym for "sprinkle" since the late 16th century, you're now most likely to come across this word in one of two contexts. The first is a process called "air sparging," in which air is injected into groundwater to help remediate contamination. The second is the process of beer making, during which mash is sparged-that is, sprayed with hot water to extract the wort.
Friday, August 2, 2019
2019 - Day 214/151 - Friday...Sobriquet...

Sobriquet -- Noun. a descriptive name of epithet: nickname. "There was none more powerful a performer than Harvey Phillips, a man whose love for the instrument earned him the sobriquet Mr. Tuba." John Tolley, Big Ten Network, September 2, 2017
Did You Know? This synonym of nickname has the same meaning in Modern French as it does in English. In Middle French, however, its earlier incarnation soubriquet referred to both a nickname and a tap under the chin. Centuries later, the connection between these two meanings isn't clear, but what is clear is that the "nickname" meaning of sobriquet was well established in French by the time English speakers borrowed the term in the mid-17th century-and it was the only meaning that was adopted. In current english, the spelling sobriquet is most common, but soubriquet is an accepted variant.
Thursday, August 1, 2019
2019 - Day 213/152 - Thursday...Abulia...

Here is an extra paragraph, being quoted from yesterdays edition of the Bartlett Tribune Progress (Serving Central Texas since 1866). This quote is attributed to The Bartlett Philosopher, who shares his knowledge with us in every (weekly) edition. "I WOULD LIKE to ask those persons opening a new business to please stay in business long enough for me to mention it in the paper. It is somewhat embarrassing to say something nice about a new business in the paper and have the business close before the paper comes out. Also, it is always helpful for businesses to put up a sign so people will know you are running a business and not just squatting in a vacant building". I can't argue with that.
Abulia -- Noun. abnormal lack of ability to act or to make decisions. "Abulia is a motivational deficit that is associated with apathy, loss of will, and lack of intimidating behaviors." Handbook of the Neuroscience of Language, 2008
Did You Know? "I must have a prodigious quantity of mind," Mark Twain once wrote. "It takes me as much as a week, sometimes, to make it up." The indecision Twain laments is fairly common; only when the inability to make decisions reaches an abnormal level does it have an uncommon name; Abulia. The English term we use today comes from a New Latin word that combines the prefix a-, meaning "without," with the Greek word boute, meaning "will." Abulia can refer to the kind of generalized indecision that makes it impossible to choose what flavor ice cream you want, though it was created to name a severe psychological disorder that can render a person nearly inert.
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